The idea that radicalizes with the the status quo of gender relations and opens a broad debate within the fight for rights is the concept of heterosexuality as a political institution that takes away power from women (Rich, 1993), presented by Adrienne Rich in her article Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence.
I will debate the idea of heterocentricity in light of the four references mentioned above with the intention of thinking about the teaching of art in light of the paradigm of the African diaspora and its consequences in basic education.
The idea of compulsory heterocentricity permeates, in Adrienne Rich's article, a broad spectrum of power struggles between subjects, bodies and the perpetuation of heteronormative power. Even so, the author idealizes a perspective in which women have the capacity to fight against the male pattern naturalized in capitalist society through its most consolidated institutions: work, family, religion and the state. This same idea inspires Judith Butler to seek a break with this pattern through philosophy and outlines an ontological definition of sex. Butler highlights this historical mark as an imposition of the man's way of life on the woman. According to the author:
As normas regulatórias do “sexo” trabalham de uma forma performativa para constituir a materialidade dos corpos e, mais especificamente, para materializar o sexo do corpo, para materializar a diferença sexual a serviço da consolidação do imperativo heterossexual. (BUTLER, 2000).
The demarcation of bodies
Entende-se, pois, que o sexo figura uma forma de naturalização de uma única via de compreensão da sexualidade. De antemão, este fator acaba por se tornar uma simples questão de demarcação física dos sujeitos e a uma tendência a não aceitação de variações que fogem deste esquema binário homem/mulher. O imperativo heterossexual torna-se, a primeira vista, uma via de domesticação dos corpos culturalmente heterogêneos, e por isso, inaceitáveis para o acordo silencioso do capital e seus fundamentalismos culturais, sociais e econômicos.
In Beatriz Preciado the idea of compulsory heterocentricity is subverted by the analysis and visibility of queer movements and theories. Preciado criticizes the biopolitical actions of sexopolitics as agents of life control. In a different way, Oyèrónké Oyěwùmí proposes a disarticulation between the Eurocentric foundations of feminist concepts and the challenge of African epistemologies in the face of the demands of contemporary societies, which inherited the legacy of gender disparities and racial categories from the modern era, strongly marked by Euro cultural hegemony -American around the world (Oyěwùmí, 2020).
Performativity in the art of Michelle Mattiuzzi
Tento refletir sobre estes pronunciamentos pela obra da artista baiana Michelle Mattiuzzi. Sua produção gira, em suma, em torno dos dramas da mulher negra e seu apagamento histórico. Portanto, ela incorpora uma performatividade ritualística que se deixa absorver pela força dos símbolos em que se apropria. Ela cria uma narrativa íntima entre ela enquanto mulher feminista, negra e com suas identidades queer.
In a performance presented in 2015, “Dilúvio em Vermelho,” the artist remains sitting motionless in a chair for hours. A red liquid drips from a certain height, falling on top of his head. The silence of the act, however, is cut by the sound of each drop. Centuries of torture sublimated into another torture. Each drop is a faint sea rushing into the air, hitting the heads and bones of those who were still able to stay.
Referências
BUTLER, Judith. Bodies that weigh: on the discursive limits of sex. In. LOURO, Guacira Lopes. The educated body: pedagogies of sexuality. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2000. p. 151- 198.
RICH, Adrienne. Compulsory heterosexuality and lesbian existence. Translation by Carlos Guilherme do Valle. Bagoas Magazine, Natal, n. 5, 2010, p. 17-44.
Oyèrónké Oyewùmí, “Conceptualizing gender: the Eurocentric foundations of feminist concepts and the challenge of African epistemologies”, In: Heloísa Buarque de Holanda (Org.), Feminist thought today: decolonial perspectives, Rio de Janeiro: Bazar do Tempo, 2020, P. 85-95.
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